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+ | ====== CPU Manuals ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== INTEL Manuals ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Intel Corporation provides many useful documents on the | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[http://www.intel.com/design/Pentium4/documentation.htm|Pentium 4 Processor Technical Documentation page]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Especially useful for helping you to understand the machine dependent | ||
+ | code of MINIX 3 on an IBM-PC compatible machine will be the | ||
+ | Manuals | ||
+ | section. As of October 2004 the following manuals are available as PDF files | ||
+ | (read with Adobe Acrobat or Ghostview): | ||
+ | |||
+ | * IA-32 Intel Architecture Optimization Reference Manual | ||
+ | * IA-32 Intel Architecture and Intel. Extended Memory 64 Software Developer's Manual Documentation Changes | ||
+ | * IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 1: Basic Architecture | ||
+ | * IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 2A: Instruction Set Reference, A-M | ||
+ | * IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 2B: Instruction Set Reference, N-Z | ||
+ | * IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 3: System Programming Guide | ||
+ | * The Software Optimization Cookbook | ||
+ | |||
+ | These are all downloadable as PDF files (read with Adobe Acrobat or | ||
+ | Ghostview). A CD-ROM containing the complete set of manuals can also | ||
+ | be ordered from Intel. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== AMD Manuals ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | All AMD processors for IBM-PC have the same IA-32 architecture as Intel | ||
+ | processors. The differences are in multimedia technology, where AMD | ||
+ | processors have 3DNOW! and other things... And the next AMD processor | ||
+ | (x86-64) will be different, but still compatible with IA-32. So, the | ||
+ | Intel docs will also help you understand and program for AMD | ||
+ | processors. But, AMD provides manuals too -- they are available at the | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/DevelopWithAMD/0,,30_2252_875_7044,00.html|AMD64 Architecture Tech Docs]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | page. These AMD manuals were available as of October 2004: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 1: Application Programming | ||
+ | * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 2: System Programming | ||
+ | * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 3: General-Purpose and System Instructions | ||
+ | * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 4: 128-Bit Media Instructions | ||
+ | * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 5: 64-Bit Media and x87 Floating-Point Instructions | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note that the syntax of the assembly language used in MINIX 3 is different from | ||
+ | Intel's. The MINIX 3 syntax is consistent with assembly languages used by other | ||
+ | UNIX-derived systems. Other links on the page point to articles describing assembly language syntax. | ||