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usersguide:multipleoperatingsystems [2014/11/12 10:57]
lionelsambuc [Archives]
usersguide:multipleoperatingsystems [2015/06/20 02:39] (current)
jacobadams Update multiboot grub entry for removal of log
Line 1: Line 1:
 +====== Running Multiple Operating Systems ======
 +
 +
 +===== Booting MINIX 3 Directly =====
 +MINIX 3 uses a close derivative of [[http://​netbsd.gw.com/​cgi-bin/​man-cgi?​boot|NetBSD boot loader]] and [[http://​netbsd.gw.com/​cgi-bin/​man-cgi?​mbr+8|MBR boot code]]. Just as with NetBSD, it can coexist on a hard disk with installations of NetBSD, Windows, or Linux; by installing the //​extended//​ boot code, it is possible to choose one or another partition and then boot the corresponding operating system without disturbing the others.
 +
 +
 +===== Using GRUB 2 to boot MINIX 3 =====
 +GRUB 2 stores its configuration in a file called //​grub.cfg//​ (usually ///​boot/​grub/​grub.cfg//​) but you shouldn'​t edit it directly as it is generated with the information given in ///​etc/​default/​grub//​ and the files in ///​etc/​grub.d//​.\\
 +To boot MINIX 3 with GRUB 2 there'​s two alternatives:​
 +==== add a menu entry for loading the MINIX bootloader ====
 +Edit ///​etc/​grub.d/​40_custom//​ (you will probably have to be root to do so) and add the following code:
 +
 +<​code>​
 +menuentry "MINIX 3" {
 +        set root=(hdX,​Y)
 +        chainloader +1
 +}
 +</​code>​
 +
 +Here are some examples of GRUB's naming convention for the disks and partitions:
 +
 +  * (hd0,1) - first primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd0,2) - second primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd0,3) - third primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd0,4) - fourth primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd1,1) - first primary partition on second hard disk
 +  * (hd1,2) - second primary partition on second hard disk
 +  * and so on
 +
 +<!> Note: GRUB 1 and GRUB 2 have different naming conventions for partitions.
 +
 +Alternatively,​ if you want to use GRUB to boot MINIX directly:
 +
 +==== add a menu entry for MINIX ====
 +The entry should have this shape:
 +<​code>​
 +menuentry "Minix Latest"​ {
 +        set root=(hd0,​3,​1)
 +        multiboot /​boot/​minix_latest/​kernel rootdevname=c0d0p2s0
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod01_ds.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod02_rs.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod03_pm.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod04_sched.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod05_vfs.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod06_memory.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod07_tty.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod08_mfs.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod09_vm.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod10_pfs.gz
 +        module /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod11_init.gz
 +}
 +</​code>​
 +
 +If your disk is configured as a native SATA (AHCI) device, you will need to include the line ''​set ahci=yes''​ in the entry.
 +
 +
 +==== [optional] un-hide the boot menu on startup ====
 +Edit ///​etc/​default/​grub//​ and change ''​GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0''​ to ''#​ GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0''​.\\
 +(You can also press //shift// during GRUB's startup to show the boot menu.)
 +
 +==== generate new grub.cfg ====
 +Run **''​grub-mkconfig''​** as root to rewiew the new configuration.\\
 +Run **''​grub-mkconfig -o /​boot/​grub/​grub.cfg''​** as root to overwrite your old //​grub.cfg//​ with the new configuration. \\
 +(change the path to your //​grub.cfg//​ if it differs from the one given above)
 +
 +
 +===== Using GRUB 0.9x (GRUB1) to boot MINIX 3 =====
 +To have GRUB1 boot MINIX, you can just add the following lines to your GRUB config file (typically ///​boot/​grub/​menu.lst//​):​
 +
 +<​code>​
 +title Minix
 +rootnoverify (hdX,Y) # (hdX,Y) is the disk and partition where you install Minix
 +chainloader +1       # tells GRUB to call Minix'​s boot loader
 +</​code>​
 +Here are some examples of GRUB's naming convention for the disks and partitions:
 +
 +  * (hd0,0) - first primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd0,1) - second primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd0,2) - third primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd0,3) - fourth primary partition on first hard disk
 +  * (hd1,0) - first primary partition on second hard disk
 +  * (hd1,1) - second primary partition on second hard disk
 +  * and so on
 +
 +<!> Note: GRUB 1 and GRUB 2 have different naming conventions for partitions.
 +
 +===== Using MINIX3 CD-ROM =====
 +If you don't want to use a multiboot loader, you can use the MINIX 3 CD-ROM to boot MINIX.
 +
 +Don't forget to change the //Boot Order// in your BIOS if necessary. You want to boot from the CD before booting from disk.
 +
 +  * Insert the MINIX 3 CD-ROM and boot
 +  * Stop at the MINIX 3 boot monitor (pressing space)
 +  * Type 4 to drop to boot prompt
 +  * Now type <fs small>​(assuming a US keyboard, so '':''​ is on the key right to L)</​fs>:​
 +<​code>​
 +dev hd0i:
 +</​code>​
 +to boot from the operating system image file on BIOS drive 0, first MINIX sub-partition. If your installation is complex or if you are unsure, use:
 +<​code>​
 +dev
 +</​code>​
 +to list all the recognized partitions.
 +
 +  * Then type <fs small>​(again assuming US keyboard, so ''​*''​ is shifted 8 key, ''​_''​ is the shifted key right to 0, and ''/''​ is at lower right)</​fs>:​
 +<​code>​
 +load_mods /​boot/​minix_latest/​mod*
 +multiboot /​boot/​minix_latest/​kernel rootdevname=c0d0p0s0
 +</​code>​
 +assuming you want to boot the //latest// image of MINIX and to use the root file system found by MINIX at controller 0, drive 0, partition 0, subpartition 0; append
 +<​code>​
 +ahci=yes
 +</​code>​
 +if your system uses [[.:​sata|SATA]] disks; any other [[.:​bootmonitor|boot monitor]] parameter can also be appended.
 +
 +===== Archives =====
 +MINIX used to have other ways to coexist with other operating systems, and many people wrote about it. You can find some pointers on [[:​releases:​3.2.0:​usersguide:​multipleoperatingsystems|the previous version]] of this wiki page. However, much of it is outdated and does not apply directly to current versions of MINIX3.
  
usersguide/multipleoperatingsystems.txt · Last modified: 2015/06/20 02:39 by jacobadams